All Subjects
Phase 3: Manufacturing Deep DiveSubject 10
Metallization & Interconnects
Understand how billions of transistors are wired together — copper interconnects, barrier layers, and the back-end-of-line process.
Your Progress
0 of 4 chapters completeChapters
1
Why Interconnects Matter
RC delay, signal speed, and power distribution challenges
2 sections
2
Copper Damascene Process
Dual damascene, electroplating, and CMP — how copper wires are made
1 section
3
Barrier & Liner Layers
Preventing copper diffusion and ensuring adhesion
1 section
4
Advanced Interconnects
Low-k dielectrics, air gaps, and future materials
2 sections